Technology I: exo-AAV.  exo-AAV are enveloped adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors. In 2009, Casey Maguire and Johan Skog discovered and invented this technology and the Maguire lab has developed the platform ever since.  The envelope is derived from exosomes/extracellular vesicles which are  lipid based nanoparticles released by cells. Exosomes have several properties which may enhance AAV-mediated gene delivery.

Example of a exo-AAV. Note double layer membrane of exosome and 5 AAV capsids inside. Cryo-EM performed by Professor Alain Brisson and Sisareuth Tan.